AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional SAP-C02 v1.0
Question 1
An enterprise company wants to allow its developers to purchase third-party software through AWS Marketplace. The company uses an AWS Organizations account structure with full features enabled, and has a shared services account in each organizational unit (OU) that will be used by procurement managers. The procurement team’s policy indicates that developers should be able to obtain third-party software from an approved list only and use Private Marketplace in AWS Marketplace to achieve this requirement. The procurement team wants administration of Private Marketplace to be restricted to a role named procurement-manager-role, which could be assumed by procurement managers. Other IAM users, groups, roles, and account administrators in the company should be denied Private Marketplace administrative access.
What is the MOST efficient way to design an architecture to meet these requirements?
- A. Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization. Add the PowerUserAccess managed policy to the role. Apply an inline policy to all IAM users and roles in every AWS account to deny permissions on the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy.
- B. Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts in the organization. Add the AdministratorAccess managed policy to the role. Define a permissions boundary with the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy and attach it to all the developer roles.
- C. Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all the shared services accounts in the organization. Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role. Create an organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role. Create another organization root-level SCP to deny permissions to create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role to everyone in the organization.
- D. Create an IAM role named procurement-manager-role in all AWS accounts that will be used by developers. Add the AWSPrivateMarketplaceAdminFullAccess managed policy to the role. Create an SCP in Organizations to deny permissions to administer Private Marketplace to everyone except the role named procurement-manager-role. Apply the SCP to all the shared services accounts in the organization.
Answer : D
Question 2
A company is in the process of implementing AWS Organizations to constrain its developers to use only Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, and Amazon DynamoDB. The developers account resides in a dedicated organizational unit (OU). The solutions architect has implemented the following SCP on the developers account:
When this policy is deployed, IAM users in the developers account are still able to use AWS services that are not listed in the policy.
What should the solutions architect do to eliminate the developers’ ability to use services outside the scope of this policy?
- A. Create an explicit deny statement for each AWS service that should be constrained.
- B. Remove the FullAWSAccess SCP from the developers account’s OU.
- C. Modify the FullAWSAccess SCP to explicitly deny all services.
- D. Add an explicit deny statement using a wildcard to the end of the SCP.
Answer : A
Question 3
A company is hosting a monolithic REST-based API for a mobile app on five Amazon EC2 instances in public subnets of a VPC. Mobile clients connect to the API by using a domain name that is hosted on Amazon Route 53. The company has created a Route 53 multivalue answer routing policy with the IP addresses of all the EC2 instances. Recently, the app has been overwhelmed by large and sudden increases to traffic. The app has not been able to keep up with the traffic.
A solutions architect needs to implement a solution so that the app can handle the new and varying load.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
- A. Separate the API into individual AWS Lambda functions. Configure an Amazon API Gateway REST API with Lambda integration for the backend. Update the Route 53 record to point to the API Gateway API.
- B. Containerize the API logic. Create an Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) cluster. Run the containers in the cluster by using Amazon EC2. Create a Kubernetes ingress. Update the Route 53 record to point to the Kubernetes ingress.
- C. Create an Auto Scaling group. Place all the EC2 instances in the Auto Scaling group. Configure the Auto Scaling group to perform scaling actions that are based on CPU utilization. Create an AWS Lambda function that reacts to Auto Scaling group changes and updates the Route 53 record.
- D. Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of the API. Move the EC2 instances to private subnets in the VPC. Add the EC2 instances as targets for the ALB. Update the Route 53 record to point to the ALB.
Answer : D
Question 4
A company has created an OU in AWS Organizations for each of its engineering teams. Each OU owns multiple AWS accounts. The organization has hundreds of AWS accounts.
A solutions architect must design a solution so that each OU can view a breakdown of usage costs across its AWS accounts.
Which solution meets these requirements?
- A. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) for each OU by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
- B. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) from the AWS Organizations management account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
- C. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) in each AWS Organizations member account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
- D. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) by using AWS Systems Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through Systems Manager OpsCenter dashboards.
Answer : B
Question 5
A company is storing data on premises on a Windows file server. The company produces 5 GB of new data daily.
The company migrated part of its Windows-based workload to AWS and needs the data to be available on a file system in the cloud. The company already has established an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises network and AWS.
Which data migration strategy should the company use?
- A. Use the file gateway option in AWS Storage Gateway to replace the existing Windows file server, and point the existing file share to the new file gateway.
- B. Use AWS DataSync to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon FSx.
- C. Use AWS Data Pipeline to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).
- D. Use AWS DataSync to schedule a daily task to replicate data between the on-premises Windows file server and Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS).
Answer : B
Question 6
A company’s solutions architect is reviewing a web application that runs on AWS. The application references static assets in an Amazon S3 bucket in the us-east-1 Region. The company needs resiliency across multiple AWS Regions. The company already has created an S3 bucket in a second Region.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
- A. Configure the application to write each object to both S3 buckets. Set up an Amazon Route 53 public hosted zone with a record set by using a weighted routing policy for each S3 bucket. Configure the application to reference the objects by using the Route 53 DNS name.
- B. Create an AWS Lambda function to copy objects from the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to the S3 bucket in the second Region. Invoke the Lambda function each time an object is written to the S3 bucket in us-east-1. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.
- C. Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region. Set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution with an origin group that contains the two S3 buckets as origins.
- D. Configure replication on the S3 bucket in us-east-1 to replicate objects to the S3 bucket in the second Region. If failover is required, update the application code to load S3 objects from the S3 bucket in the second Region.
Answer : D
Question 7
A company is hosting a three-tier web application in an on-premises environment. Due to a recent surge in traffic that resulted in downtime and a significant financial impact, company management has ordered that the application be moved to AWS. The application is written in .NET and has a dependency on a MySQL database. A solutions architect must design a scalable and highly available solution to meet the demand of 200,000 daily users.
Which steps should the solutions architect take to design an appropriate solution?
- A. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to create a new application with a web server environment and an Amazon RDS MySQL Multi-AZ DB instance. The environment should launch a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group in multiple Availability Zones. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the NLB.
- B. Use AWS CloudFormation to launch a stack containing an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group spanning three Availability Zones. The stack should launch a Multi-AZ deployment of an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster with a Retain deletion policy. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the ALB.
- C. Use AWS Elastic Beanstalk to create an automatically scaling web server environment that spans two separate Regions with an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in each Region. Create a Multi-AZ deployment of an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB cluster with a cross-Region read replica. Use Amazon Route 53 with a geoproximity routing policy to route traffic between the two Regions.
- D. Use AWS CloudFormation to launch a stack containing an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in front of an Amazon ECS cluster of Spot instances spanning three Availability Zones. The stack should launch an Amazon RDS MySQL DB instance with a Snapshot deletion policy. Use an Amazon Route 53 alias record to route traffic from the company’s domain to the ALB.
Answer : C
Question 8
A company is using AWS Organizations to manage multiple AWS accounts. For security purposes, the company requires the creation of an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that enables integration with a third-party alerting system in all the Organizations member accounts.
A solutions architect used an AWS CloudFormation template to create the SNS topic and stack sets to automate the deployment of CloudFormation stacks. Trusted access has been enabled in Organizations.
What should the solutions architect do to deploy the CloudFormation StackSets in all AWS accounts?
- A. Create a stack set in the Organizations member accounts. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Use CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.
- B. Create stacks in the Organizations member accounts. Use self-service permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to an organization. Enable the CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.
- C. Create a stack set in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets automatic deployment.
- D. Create stacks in the Organizations management account. Use service-managed permissions. Set deployment options to deploy to the organization. Enable CloudFormation StackSets drift detection.
Answer : C
Question 9
A company wants to migrate its workloads from on premises to AWS. The workloads run on Linux and Windows. The company has a large on-premises infrastructure that consists of physical machines and VMs that host numerous applications.
The company must capture details about the system configuration, system performance, running processes, and network connections of its on-premises workloads. The company also must divide the on-premises applications into groups for AWS migrations. The company needs recommendations for Amazon EC2 instance types so that the company can run its workloads on AWS in the most cost-effective manner.
Which combination of steps should a solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
- A. Assess the existing applications by installing AWS Application Discovery Agent on the physical machines and VMs.
- B. Assess the existing applications by installing AWS Systems Manager Agent on the physical machines and VMs.
- C. Group servers into applications for migration by using AWS Systems Manager Application Manager.
- D. Group servers into applications for migration by using AWS Migration Hub.
- E. Generate recommended instance types and associated costs by using AWS Migration Hub.
- F. Import data about server sizes into AWS Trusted Advisor. Follow the recommendations for cost optimization.
Answer : BDE
Question 10
A company is hosting an image-processing service on AWS in a VPC. The VPC extends across two Availability Zones. Each Availability Zone contains one public subnet and one private subnet.
The service runs on Amazon EC2 instances in the private subnets. An Application Load Balancer in the public subnets is in front of the service. The service needs to communicate with the internet and does so through two NAT gateways. The service uses Amazon S3 for image storage. The EC2 instances retrieve approximately 1 ТВ of data from an S3 bucket each day.
The company has promoted the service as highly secure. A solutions architect must reduce cloud expenditures as much as possible without compromising the service’s security posture or increasing the time spent on ongoing operations.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
- A. Replace the NAT gateways with NAT instances. In the VPC route table, create a route from the private subnets to the NAT instances.
- B. Move the EC2 instances to the public subnets. Remove the NAT gateways.
- C. Set up an S3 gateway VPC endpoint in the VPAttach an endpoint policy to the endpoint to allow the required actions on the S3 bucket.
- D. Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) volume to the EC2 instances. Host the images on the EFS volume.
Answer : C
Question 11
A company recently deployed an application on AWS. The application uses Amazon DynamoDB. The company measured the application load and configured the RCUs and WCUs on the DynamoDB table to match the expected peak load. The peak load occurs once a week for a 4-hour period and is double the average load. The application load is close to the average load for the rest of the week. The access pattern includes many more writes to the table than reads of the table.
A solutions architect needs to implement a solution to minimize the cost of the table.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
- A. Use AWS Application Auto Scaling to increase capacity during the peak period. Purchase reserved RCUs and WCUs to match the average load.
- B. Configure on-demand capacity mode for the table.
- C. Configure DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in front of the table. Reduce the provisioned read capacity to match the new peak load on the table.
- D. Configure DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) in front of the table. Configure on-demand capacity mode for the table.
Answer : D
Question 12
A solutions architect needs to advise a company on how to migrate its on-premises data processing application to the AWS Cloud. Currently, users upload input files through a web portal. The web server then stores the uploaded files on NAS and messages the processing server over a message queue. Each media file can take up to 1 hour to process. The company has determined that the number of media files awaiting processing is significantly higher during business hours, with the number of files rapidly declining after business hours.
What is the MOST cost-effective migration recommendation?
- A. Create a queue using Amazon SQS. Configure the existing web server to publish to the new queue. When there are messages in the queue, invoke an AWS Lambda function to pull requests from the queue and process the files. Store the processed files in an Amazon S3 bucket.
- B. Create a queue using Amazon MQ. Configure the existing web server to publish to the new queue. When there are messages in the queue, create a new Amazon EC2 instance to pull requests from the queue and process the files. Store the processed files in Amazon EFS. Shut down the EC2 instance after the task is complete.
- C. Create a queue using Amazon MQ. Configure the existing web server to publish to the new queue. When there are messages in the queue, invoke an AWS Lambda function to pull requests from the queue and process the files. Store the processed files in Amazon EFS.
- D. Create a queue using Amazon SQS. Configure the existing web server to publish to the new queue. Use Amazon EC2 instances in an EC2 Auto Scaling group to pull requests from the queue and process the files. Scale the EC2 instances based on the SQS queue length. Store the processed files in an Amazon S3 bucket.
Answer : D
Question 13
A company is using Amazon OpenSearch Service to analyze data. The company loads data into an OpenSearch Service cluster with 10 data nodes from an Amazon S3 bucket that uses S3 Standard storage. The data resides in the cluster for 1 month for read-only analysis. After 1 month, the company deletes the index that contains the data from the cluster. For compliance purposes, the company must retain a copy of all input data.
The company is concerned about ongoing costs and asks a solutions architect to recommend a new solution.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
- A. Replace all the data nodes with UltraWarm nodes to handle the expected capacity. Transition the input data from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive when the company loads the data into the cluster.
- B. Reduce the number of data nodes in the cluster to 2 Add UltraWarm nodes to handle the expected capacity. Configure the indexes to transition to UltraWarm when OpenSearch Service ingests the data. Transition the input data to S3 Glacier Deep Archive after 1 month by using an S3 Lifecycle policy.
- C. Reduce the number of data nodes in the cluster to 2. Add UltraWarm nodes to handle the expected capacity. Configure the indexes to transition to UltraWarm when OpenSearch Service ingests the data. Add cold storage nodes to the cluster Transition the indexes from UltraWarm to cold storage. Delete the input data from the S3 bucket after 1 month by using an S3 Lifecycle policy.
- D. Reduce the number of data nodes in the cluster to 2. Add instance-backed data nodes to handle the expected capacity. Transition the input data from S3 Standard to S3 Glacier Deep Archive when the company loads the data into the cluster.
Answer : B
Question 14
A company has 10 accounts that are part of an organization in AWS Organizations. AWS Config is configured in each account. All accounts belong to either the Prod OU or the NonProd OU.
The company has set up an Amazon EventBridge rule in each AWS account to notify an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when an Amazon EC2 security group inbound rule is created with 0.0.0.0/0 as the source. The company’s security team is subscribed to the SNS topic.
For all accounts in the NonProd OU, the security team needs to remove the ability to create a security group inbound rule that includes 0.0.0.0/0 as the source.
Which solution will meet this requirement with the LEAST operational overhead?
- A. Modify the EventBridge rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to remove the security group inbound rule and to publish to the SNS topic. Deploy the updated rule to the NonProd OU.
- B. Add the vpc-sg-open-only-to-authorized-ports AWS Config managed rule to the NonProd OU.
- C. Configure an SCP to allow the ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress action when the value of the aws:SourceIp condition key is not 0.0.0.0/0. Apply the SCP to the NonProd OU.
- D. Configure an SCP to deny the ec2:AuthorizeSecurityGroupIngress action when the value of the aws:SourceIp condition key is 0.0.0.0/0. Apply the SCP to the NonProd OU.
Answer : C
Question 15
A company hosts a Git repository in an on-premises data center. The company uses webhooks to invoke functionality that runs in the AWS Cloud. The company hosts the webhook logic on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group that the company set as a target for an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The Git server calls the ALB for the configured webhooks. The company wants to move the solution to a serverless architecture.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
- A. For each webhook, create and configure an AWS Lambda function URL. Update the Git servers to call the individual Lambda function URLs.
- B. Create an Amazon API Gateway HTTP API. Implement each webhook logic in a separate AWS Lambda function. Update the Git servers to call the API Gateway endpoint.
- C. Deploy the webhook logic to AWS App Runner. Create an ALB, and set App Runner as the target. Update the Git servers to call the ALB endpoint.
- D. Containerize the webhook logic. Create an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster, and run the webhook logic in AWS Fargate. Create an Amazon API Gateway REST API, and set Fargate as the target. Update the Git servers to call the API Gateway endpoint.
Answer : C